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| Analysis of an Adulterated Herbal Medicinal ProductUsing Ultra-Performance Liquid ChromatographyCoupled with QTOF Mass Spectrometry |
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| DOI：10.15806/j.issn.2311-8571.2015.0041 |
| KeyWord:Synthetic adulterants, Adulteration, UPLC-QTOF-MS, Herbal products, Data independent acquisition |
| Author | Institution |
| Kate Yua* |
a.Waters Corporation, 34 Maple Street, Milford,MA,US |
| Mark Powellbc |
b.Quay Pharmaceuticals, Deeside Industrial Park, Flintshire CH5 2NS, UK
c.Mark Powell Scientific, 17 Blackeys Lane, Neston, UK Current address |
| Margaret Maziarza |
a.Waters Corporation, 34 Maple Street, Milford, MA, US |
| Dhavalkumar Narendrabhai Pateld |
d.Waters Pacific Pte Ltd, The Capricorn, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore |
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| Abstract: |
| The reports of severe adverse effects and fatalities associated with herbal medicinal products adulterated with synthetic compounds have raised
global concerns. The objective of this study is to analyze one commercial herbal medicinal product suspected to be adulterated with synthetic
drugs in order to identify potential adulterants, to verify if the product contained the herbs listed as ingredients in label claim and to determine
quality consistency among different batches of the product. Analyses of suspected product obtained from seven different batches were
performed using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) with
multiple data processing tools and multivariate analyses. In addition, 23 individual powdered herbs (12 as per label claim and 11 suspected
herbs), 11 marker compounds of the labeled herbs and five suspected synthetic drugs as adulterants were also concurrently analyzed to have
clear understanding of product composition. Based on our analysis, the major ingredients of studied product were found to be 5 synthetic
compounds: caffeine, chlorphenamine, piroxicam, betamethasone and oxethazaine. Three of them have been found to exceed their
recommended doses. From the herbal composition analysis, GanCao (Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma) was found to be the main ingredient,
which is not among the claimed 12 herbs that were supposed to be in the product. Other herbs detected as minor ingredients were MuGua
(Chaenomelis fructus), DangGui (Angelicae sinensis radix), and HuangQi (Astragali radix), which are among the 12 herbs that were supposed
to be in the product. Based on our results we demonstrated that UPLC-QTOF MS is an effective and versatile tool for the analysis of herbal
medicinal products. However, a streamlined process with automatic workflow and fit-for-purpose database is desirable to increase efficiency
and productivity. Results of this work also highlight the need for the better quality control and regulatory measures to protect consumers from
the potentially harmful effects of such adulterated products. |
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